Car Car Car Pt 05 2004

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The history of Silicon Valley - □ 路是这样走出来的 - MicroE.CN::微电中国网 =>半导体,微电子,集成电路,IC,工艺,设计,器件,封装,测试,MEMS - Powered w by Discuz! Car Car Car Pt 05 2004

Car Car Car Pt 05 2004

Stanford University was founded in 1891 by Governor Leland Stanford at his domain nearby 'El Palo Alto' (the high tree) in the memory of  his son  Leland Stanford Junior. During its’ hundred years of existence Stanford has become one of the best American Universities. 半导体,微电子,集成电路,IC,工艺,设计,器件,封装,测试,MEMS; X( F! T8 Z3 C' p1 J0 ]+ Z! d

The graduate student Hewlett had designed and built an audio oscillator (1). Because Terman was convinced of the market potential he persuaded Packard, who had moved to the East Coast to work for General Electric, to return to Palo Alto and join Hewlett. Terman then stimulated them to commercially produce their audio-oscillator. It was in 1937 that a small company started in the famous garage in Palo Alto. Their audio-oscillator, designed with Terman’s help, became the basis for a later deal with Walt Disney Studios in 1939, for the film "Fantasia". That was the start of an endless growth. In 1998 Hewlett Packard is a multinational, producing computers, electronic measuring devices and equipment, with annual revenue in 1997 of $42.9 billion and with 121,900 employees worldwide.

In the mean time some other students founded small companies who where going to be the center of a local electronics-industry. During 1937, William Hansen, Professor of Physics, teamed with Sigurd and Russell Varian to develop the klystron tube, an electron tube in which bunching of electrons is produced by electric fields and which is used for the generation and amplification of ultra-high frequencies. 半导体,微电子,集成电路,IC,工艺,设计,器件,封装,测试,MEMS2 ]  f2 x% p( H7 C# O( [

During the Second World War the brothers Sigurd and Russel Varian worked rent free in a Stanford lab on their Klysttron tube. Later on radar and Varian Associates (1948) inventions involving microwave radiation, evolved. Stanford gave them, besides rent free lab use, $100 for supplies. In return, Stanford was to share in any profits. The investment of Stanford was one of the best ever because it brought in several millions dollar as royalties.

During World War II Prof. Terman made good contacts within Washington. After his return to Stanford he succeeded in getting a lot of governmental contracts for Stanford and local companies.
MicroE.CN::微电中国网5 b4 y8 `! P. l& y' R( ^* ~; ?
During the fifties a lot of, for that time revolutionary, new ways of working as a University was introduced by Stanford. E.g.: www.microe.cn# s" I  T% t$ f6 B
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"The Honors Cooperative Program": graduates could be updated in their specialty
"The Stanford Research Institute" (1946) : practice focussed, non profit research which didn’t fit within the traditional tasks of a university 半导体,微电子,集成电路,IC,工艺,设计,器件,封装,测试,MEMS- K' _; _" S2 B6 \7 ^" @3 t  g% [8 ]6 h
"The Stanford Industrial Park" (1951): offering facilities for starting companies 半导体,微电子,集成电路,IC,工艺,设计,器件,封装,测试,MEMS$ B$ ?- i" l' f2 V( y) |( t9 b! h
The first two will be more deeply discussed in the coming chapters. MicroE.CN::微电中国网- M7 s* @1 _# `, Y
During the fifties money was needed in order to finance the rapid postwar growth. These days the industrial park idea came up; Stanford was might be poor financially seen but rich concerning the possession of land; about over 3240 hectares of land was free. Then they faced one problem; the Founding Grant by Leland Stanford prohibited the sale of his land. It didn’t take them long to figure out there was nothing to prevent it from being leased. And when that construction was investigated it turned out that long-term leases were just as attractive to industry as out right ownership. The Stanford Industrial Park, which was meant to be a "center of high technology close to a cooperative university" as Tajnaj describes it (1985), was than quickly founded (1951). Varian Associates was the first one to sign a lease contract and soon after companies such as General Electric, Eastman Kodak and many others followed. www.microe.cn! O, x8 [0 |1 R2 l' E. ?! b" s